( Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.D.Robins.)
Familia : Lauraceae
Synonym : Litsea chinensis Lamk. Litsea littoralis (L.) Vill.
Description :
In the form of tree, high can reach 10 metre. Bar of wood . Single leaf, elliptical form, green colour, and downy. Flower form the malai, white chromatic corolla is brass. Circular fruit, young fruit of green , after old of black chromatic. Root of monocotyl brown colour. Shares used is a Root, bark, and leaf.
Local Name ( in Indonesian ) :
Huru batu, Huru beusai, Huru tangkalak, madang kapas ( Sundanese ); adem ati, kapu ketek, nyampu wingka, Wuru Beling ( Javanese ).
Foreign Name : Litsea glutinosa Radix ; Litsea glutinosa Cortex ; Litsea glutinosa Folium
Name of simplisia : Akar adem ati ; Kulit kayu adem ati ; Daun adem ati .
Nature of Typically : Beloved, bitter, and make cool .
Effect : Anti inflammation, analgesic, and hemostatik.
Composition : Alkaloid ( faction of fenantrena and aporfina), flavonoida, tanin, polifenol, and atsiri oil.
USEFULNESS :
Useful of root to overcome :
1. Diarrhoea
2. Diabetes
3. Chafe the intestine
4. Chafe the husk fester the ( external drug )
Useful bark and leaf to overcome :
1. Ulcerate
2. Hurt bleed
3. Tranquilizer
4. Chafe the husk fester
5. Chafe bosom
► Ajeran
( Bidens pilosa L. )
Familia : Asteraceae (Compositae).
Synonym : Bidens sundaica Blume (1826), Bidens leucorrhiza (Lour.) DC. (1836), Bidens pilosa L. var. minor (Blume) Sherff (1925).
Description :
This plant is inclusive of wild plant and a lot of met in roadside. Sometime planted in page, as decorative crop. This plant pertained of terna, high can reach 150 cm. Bar of is form of parallelogram, green colour. Leaf three, each globular of egg, jagged periphery. Flower have long handle , white chromatic corolla with the rust colored pistil. Shares used all plant shares residing in for uper ground ( herba).
Local Name ( in Indonesian ) :
Ajeran, hareuga ( Sundanese), jaringan, ketul ( Javanese).
Foreign Name : Black Jack ( English), Sornet ( French ), kancing baju, pau-pau pasir, keroten ( Malaysia ), Papua New Guinea : ivu na mag ( Gunantuna, New Britain), rakot ( Kurtatchi, Bougainville) Philippines: dadayem ( Ibanag), burburtak ( Ilocano), pisau-pisau ( Bisaya). Thailand: puen noksai, kee nok sai, yaa koncham khaao. Vietnam: d[ow]n ma [ oos] t, t [ uwr] t [ oo] hoang, q [ ur]y tr [ aa] m th [ ar o.
Name of Simplisia : Bidentitis pilosae Herba; Herba Ajeran
Nature of Typiccaly : Make cool, feel bitter, and launch the blood circulation
Effect : Antiinflamasi, antipiretik, and antiseptic.
Composition : Alkaloid Poliina, saponin, bitter , atsiri oil , and tannic .
USEFULNESS
1. Fever
2. Bad digestive
3. Rheumatism
4. Influenza
5. Appendix disease
6. Wasir
Used Shares : Herba
► Akar Manis
(Glycyrr hiza glabra L,)
Familia : Papilionaceae (Leguminosae).
Synonym : -
Description :
This Simplisia still be imported, cause not yet planted in Indonesia,by used is the root.
Name of Simplisa : Glycyrrhiza Radix, Liquiritae Radix; Akar Manis ( Indonesia )
Nature of Typically : Neutralize, feel the beloved.
Effect : Expectorant, anti inflammation, and spasmolitik.
Composition : Glisirhisin, saponin, glikosida likuiritin, asparagin, umbeliferona, glabrolida, glucose, sukrosa, likuiritat acid, hidroksiglisirhitat acid, bitter matter, atsiri oil, and asparagin.
Usefulness
Anti kolestrol
Bronkhitis.
Cough .
Stomachache
Bounce up
Used Shares : root / radix
► Akar Wangi
(Vitiveria zizanioides (L,) Nash. Ex, Small)
Synonym :
Andropogon zizanioides Urban. Andropogon squarrosus Hackel. Andropogon muricatus Retz.
Familia :
Poaceae (Gramineae).
Description :
Chronical grass, high can reach 1 metre. Soft bar, white chromatic. Single leaf, form the ribbon, sharp-pointed back part. Frond embrace the bar, whitish green colour. Flower form seed in back part bar. Paddy fruit, thorny, dirty white chromatic. Grow on the inclusive of rust colored fiber root. Shares used by root and atsiri oil.
Local Name ( in Indonesian ) :
Useur ( Gayo/Aceh ); Hapias, Usar ( Batak); Akar babau ( Minangkabau); Akar banda ( Timor); Iser, Morwastu ( North Sumatra); Usa, Urek Usa ( Makasar); Janur, Narawastu, Usar ( Sundanese ); Larasetu, Larawastu, Rarawestu ( Javanese ).
Name of Simplisia : Vitiveriae Radix; Akar wangi. Oleum Vitiveriae aetheriae; Akar wangi oil.
Effect : Diaforetic
Composition :
Root : Atsiri oil, hars, and bitter
Oil : Vetiverin, vetiveron, veton, and vetivazulen.
Usefulness : mouth aroma ( gargle), rheumatism ( external drug).
► Alang alang
(Imperata cylindrica (L.)Beauv.)
Familia : Poaceae
Synonym : Lagurus cylindricus L. , Imperata arundinacea Cirillo.
Description:
Posture : herba, grass , high 30-180 cm.
Bar : cormus, subterranean , bar straighten to form one flower, solid.
Leaf : single, jetty is closing each other; in form of ribbon, sharp-pointed back part sharply, straightening, harsh, size measure 12-80 cm. x 35-18 cm.
Flower : formation of majemuk of seed majemuk, rather bud, long 6-28 cm, each;every branch own 2 seed, branch 2,5-5 cm, flower handle 1-3 mm, gluma 1; back part of silia, 3-6 blood-vessel, Lemma 1( chaff); circular of wide egg, short silia 1,5-2,5 mm. Lemma 2 ( chaff); long, become sharp 0,5-2,5 mm. Palea ( chaff); 0,75-2 mm.
Stamen : lead the gist;pollen 2,5-3,5 mm, white is brass or purple.
Pistil : lead the pistil of is in form of quill.
Fruit : rice type. Seed: in form of jorong, long 1 mm more.
Flower time : January - December
Distribution Area, habit and planted : In Java grow at height up to 2700 m sea level, at open country or semi closed; marsh; ground by good aeration; at area which is used up opened; riparian; ekstensif at secunder forest ; ex- area burnted; as gulma in farm; garden and plantation.
This plant can influence the crop cultivasi other dissimilar. Because requirement natrium which is high relative. Planted : multiplying by itself. Each every moment corm harvested from plant which have matured. Good corm is pale chromatic, cold and sweetness. Seagrass ( alang alang ) can cause the degradation of pH land. Level degradation of pH and resistance to process nitrifikasi show the existence of positive correlation with the seagrass growth.
Local Name ( in Indonesian ) :
Naleueng Lakoe ( Aceh); Jih ( Gayo); Rih, Ri ( Batak); Oo ( Nias); Alalang, Hilalang, Ilalang ( Minang Kabau/west sumatra ); Lioh ( lampung/south sumatra ); Halalang, Tingen, Tingan, Puang, Buhang, Belalang, Bolalang ( Dayak/Kalimantan/borneo ); Eurih ( Sundanese/west java ); Alang alang Kambengan ( central java); Kebut lalang ( Madura); Ambengan, Lalang ( Bali ); Kii, Rii ( Flores ); Padengo, Padanga ( Gorontalo/sulawesi/Celebes ); Deya ( Bugis ); Erer, Muis, Wen ( Ceram island); Weli, Welia, Wed ( Ambon).
Foreign Name : Cogon Grass, satintail ( En). Paillotte ( Fr). Malaysia: lalang, alang alang. Papua New Guinea: kunai ( Pidgin), kurukuru ( Barakau, Central Province). Philippines: kogon ( Tagalog), gogon ( Bikol), bulum ( Ifugao). Burmese ( Myanmar): kyet-mei. Cambodia: sbö':w. Laos: hnha:z kh'a:. Thailand: ya-kha, laa laeng, koe hee ( Karen, Mae Hong Son). Vietnam: c [ or] tranh.
Name of Simplisia : Imperatae Rhizoma;rimpang alang alang.
Usefulness :
Radix : softly husk; launching urine, blood cleaner, adder Iust to eat the, stop blooding, despitefully can be used also in the effort venereal disease medication ( matter urine, blood urine, syphilis), kidney ailment, hurt, fever, high blood pressure and nerve disease. All plant shares used as food of livestock,material of paper,dan for the medication of mange.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECT and FARMAKOLOGY : Radix Infuse of seage grass have effect as diuretika, on the basis of make-up of electrolyte concentration ( white Na,K,Cl) mouse urine of male. Gift Infuse grow on the seage grass with the dose 40, 50, 60, 70 g / kg weight body of have effect of antipiretik at squirel.
Infuse of seage grass flower at concentration 10% with the dose 12 ml/ kg weight body of have effect antipiretik which relative equal to suspension parasetamol 10% at pigeon.
TEST CLINIC : Dekokta grow on the seage grass with the dose 250-300 g, 2 times morning and evening can heal 27 case from 30 acute patient nefritis. At chronic nefritis, herba seage grass can lessen the oedema and degrade the blood pressure. Dekokta Herba 250 g in the form of single and also combined by cormus and leaf of Nelumbo nucifera and leaf of Agrimonia pilosa can cure the epistaksis ( nosebleed), hemoptisis ( bleeding cough), hematuri ( blood urine), menorrhagia, and upper blood gastrointestinal.
Is despitefully reported also that dekokta grow on the seage grass earn effective for the medication of acute hepatitis viral at 28 case; usually used together with Plantago asiatica, Glechoma Longituba and Artemisia capillaris.
Toksisity : At usage of according to order, practical is not toxic. Effect which no needed : confused, queasy, existence of improvement feel to wish to defecate, sometime became of the clinic use. Technological of Pharmacy: Cellulose of seage grass Leaf have the absorpsion to water which good enough relative in tablet making direct printedly .
Composition :
Radix : metabolit which have been found a seagegrass root consisted of the arundoin, fernenol, isoarborinol, silindrin, simiarenol, kampesterol, stigmasterol, ß- sitosterol, skopoletin, skopolin, p-hidroksibenzaladehida, katekol, klorogenat acid, isoklorogenat acid, p-kumarat acid, neoklorogenat acid, acetate acid, oksalat acid, d-malat acid, cittrate, potassium ( 0,75% from dry weight), a large amount of calcium and 5-hidroksitriptamin.
From other research result to root and leaf found by 5 kinds of derivate flavonoid that is generation 3',4',7-trihidroksi flavon, 2',3'-dihidroksi kalkon and 6-hidroksi flavanol. A derivate flavonoid which possibility is inclusive of faction flavon, flavonol substitution at 3-0H, flavanon or isoflavon there are dissolve extract faction in etilasetat grow on seage grass.
At dissolve extract faction in water root the seage grass found [by] faction of compound flavon without not bunch OH, flavon, flavonol substitution at 3-0H, flavanon, or isoflavon.
Used Shares :
Only its root/radix ( rimpang) used for the medication.
► Alpokat/avocado
( Persea gratissima Gaertn .)
Familia : Lauraceae
Synonym : P. americana, Mill.
Description :
Tree Middle America, grow wild in forest, quite a few planted in garden and lawn which coat of land fertile and also is not suffused by water. Although can bear fruit in lowland, but result will gratify if planted at height 200-1.000 m above sea level , at area tropik from subtropik which is a lot of its rainfall.
Small tree, high 3-10 m, monocotyl, bar have wood, circular, dirty brown, a lot of branching, smooth stick. Single leaf have, handle which length 1,5-5 cm, dirty, its situation have is pressure in back part stick, its for domed ellipse until long egg, thick like husk, tip of and sharp-pointed jetty, step aside, bony, long 10-20 cm, wide 3-10 cm, young leaf its colour squeezing , old leaf its colour become green and hairless. Its flower is compound interest, lapped over in secretory malai is near by back part stick, its colour yellow greenness.
Its fruit form the ball or circular of egg, long 5-20 cm, its colour become green or chartreuse, spoting purple or purple, have seed is one, kernel if have cooked to soften, its colour is green, brass.
The seed bulbous Circular, diametre 2,5-5 cm, seed white squeezing colour. Ripe avocado its kernel soften, fatty, usually eaten as mix ice or made by juice. Its oil used by example for cosmetic. Reproduction with the seed, way of grafting .
Local name ( in Indonesian ) :
Apuket, alpuket, jambu wolanda (Sundanese), apokat, avokat, pokat (Javanese). apokat, alpokat, avokat, advokat (Sumatera).
Usefulness :
Sprue, damping dry husk, urine petrify , headache, hypertension, neuralgia, pain in bone bounce up , channel bronchial swellings, toothache, diabetes melitus, menstruating not regular.
Composition :
NATURE OF CHEMSTRY AND EFFECT PHARMAKOLOGY : Leaf: Feel bitter, peluruh Urine. Seed : Anti chafing, eliminating pain.
OBSTETRICAL OF CHEMISTRY: Fruit And leaf contain the saponin, alkaloid and flavonoida, Fruit also contain the tanin and Leaf contain the polifenol, quersetin, sugar of alkohot persiit.
Used Shares : Kernel, leaf, seed.
Usefulness :
Kernel : damping dry husk, sprue
Leaf :
- Urine petrify the
- Hypertensi, headache
- Pain in bone Nerve
- Pain in bone bounce up
- Bronchial swellings
- Menstruate not regular
Seed :
- Toothache
- Diabetes
► Andong
(Cordyline fruticosa (L) A. Cheval.)
Familia :
Agavaceae (Liliaceae).
Synonym :
Asperagus terminalis L. Cordyline terminalis (L.) Kunth
Description :
Clump branch; height 2-4 m. Stick with the leaf secondhand moult which is the in form of ring. Leaf at the end of stick full with the spiral formation; handle form the roof-gutter, leaf of line shape or Iancet, 20-60 x 1-13 cm, with the jetty which is the in form of sharp-pointed back part and wedge, green or red.
Flower in leaf armpit have, long handle , branching wide, with the big protector leaf at jetty branch . Child of protector Leaf of small flower jetty. Leaf tend the flower 6, long, length 1,3 cm, 3 external at shares a half of under sticking, sliver with in, shares which is for releasing and rearward curve return .
Stamen 6, at flower tent. Lead the short pistilium, fruit oval ± form the ball, red gleam the,black seed gleam. In garden and fence, grave; 1-1.900 m. Shares by used is leaf.
Local name ( in Indonesian ) :
Bak juwang, Laklak (Aceh); Kalinjuhang Katunggal, Linjuang, Si linjuang (Batak/north sumatra); Anjiluwang, Jiluwang, Lanjuwang, Linjuwang (Makasar/sulawesi/celebes ); Anderuwang (Lampung/south sumatra); Renjuwang, Sabang, Sawang (Dayak/kalimantan/borneao); Hanjuwang (Sunda/west java ); Andong, Endong (Central java); Andong, Endong, Handwang (BaIi); Tabongo (Gr); Panili, Siri (Ms); Panyaureng, Siri (Bg); Ai buru (Sr); Weluga, Werusisi, Wersingin (Ab); Yasir (Ij); Pitako (Hm).
Foreign Name : Cordylinae Folium
Nature of typically : Make the cool .
Effect : Hemostatik and anti swelling
Composition :
Chemical Content of Steroida, saponin, draught polysakarida.
Usefulness :
1.Cough
2.Disentriae
3.Over menstruating
4.Bleeding hemoarea
► Angsana
( Pterocarpus indicus Willd. )
Familia :
Papilionaceae (Leguminosae).
Sinonim :
Pterocarpus flavus Lour. Pterocarpus pallidus Blco.
Description :
High tree 10-40 m back. Leaf form the Iancet, long 1-2 cm. leaf have Interlude. Leaf Child 5-13, ellips, sharp-pointed, blunt, gleam once, 4-10 times 2,5-5 cm; child of handle l 0,5-1,5 cm.
Flower in back part and sit in armpit, a few or not branch , brown , flowering a lot of, length 7-11 cm; handle child 0,5-1,5 cm; flower very odorous. Calyx form the bell form the tube, pronged 5, high of lk 7 mm. Crown yellow orange.
Leaf of Crown ; flag area form the circle or ellips, collapsible of strength, tortous return , diameter is more or less 1 cm; shorter keel than wing, pale. close ovary , short handle , seed will 2-6.
Polongan have handle above the rest of calyx, radian circular almost, with the bill beside, winged vinicity, not to pass on, diameter lk 5 cm, at side of width with the thick leaf bone mother. Seed most 1. Is very often planted; 1-800 m.
Its Wood have the colour and quality which very well; utilized upon which building and wood meubel.This tree,in Moluccas/maluku yield the " kayu akar" ( wortelhout). Its husk weared as drug; in a state of the tree life of red have dilution blood. Shares used a bark, resin.
Local name ( in Indonesian ) :
Asan, Athan (Aceh); Sena (Gayo); Sena, Hasona, Sona (Batak); Kayu merah (Timor); Asana, Sana kapur, Sana kembang (Minangkabau/west sumatra), Sana kembang (Madura); Kenaha (Solor); Aha, Naga, Aga, Naakir (Sulawesi Utara/north celebes); Tonala (Gorontalo); Candana (Bugis); Na, Nar, (Roti); Lana (Buru).
Name of Simplisia : kulit kayu angsana
Foreign Name : Pterocarpi Cortex
Composition :
Resin recognized by the name of kino ( kinotanat acid )
Effect :
Adstringen dan diuretik.
Usefulness :
Bark:
Calculus.
Mouth Sprue ( gargle).
Young leaf :
Diabetes
Ulcerate the ( external drug
Rubber/resin ( Kino) :
Hurt ( external drug).
Mouth sprue ( external drug
